Clinical characteristics of neonatal gastric perforation and risk factors of mortality / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of neonatal gastric perforation (NGP) and risk factors of mortality.Methods:From January 2015 to May 2022, infants with NGP admitted to NICU of our hospital were retrospectively studied. They were assigned into the survival group and the death group. Clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging results, surgical treatments and prognosis were compared and risk factors of mortality were determined.Results:A total of 27 infants with NGP were enrolled, including 17 males and 10 females. 24 were premature infants and 3 were term infants. 26 infants had low birth weight. 3 infants had neonatal resuscitation due to asphyxia, 10 received positive pressure ventilation before the onset of perforation symptoms, 2 showed gastrointestinal malformations and 3 with septic shock before surgery. The median age of onset was 2.0 d. The main presenting symptom was abdominal distension, with most perforations occurring at the greater curvature of the stomach. 20 cases had congenital gastric muscular layer defects. 21 cases survived and 6 cases died. Age of onset was later in the death group than the survival group [2.5 (2.0, 7.8) days vs. 1.9 (1.4, 3.0) days]. The survival group had higher preoperative platelet count than the death group [(218±80) ×10 9/L vs. (126±73)×10 9/L]. The incidences of thrombocytopenia, septic shock and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome before surgery in the survival group were significantly lower than the death group ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative thrombocytopenia was a risk factor for NGP mortality ( OR=19.000, 95% CI 2.029-177.932, P=0.010). Conclusions:NGP is more common in male infants, premature infants and low birth weight infants. The most common etiology is congenital gastric muscular layer defects. The mortality rate is high and preoperative thrombocytopenia is a risk factor for mortality.

A reinforced suture method for stapled gastrointestinal anastomosis to reduce gastrointestinal hemorrhage during Whipple operation in laparoscopy

Purpose@#Laparoscopy is being increasingly accepted for pancreaticoduodenectomy. Stapled anastomosis (SA) is used extensively to facilitate laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD); however, the incidence of anastomotic bleeding after stapled gastrointestinal anastomosis is still high. @*Methods@#One hundred and thirty-nine patients who underwent LPD using Whipple method were enrolled in our study. We performed the SA with our reinforced method (n = 68, R method) and without the method (n = 71, NR method). We compared the clinical characteristics and anastomosis methods of patients with or without gastrointestinal-anastomotic hemorrhage (GAH), and operative parameters were also compared between the anastomotic methods. @*Results@#Of the 139 patients undergoing LPD, 15 of them developed GAH. The clinical characteristics of patients with or without GAH were not significantly different except in the anastomotic method (P < 0.001). In the univariate logistic regression analyses, only the anastomotic method was associated with GAH. Furthermore, patients with the NR method had significantly higher incidences of GAH (P < 0.001) and Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ III complications (P < 0.001). @*Conclusion@#Our retrospective analysis showed that the SA performed with reinforced method might be a reform of SA without the reinforcement, as indicated by the lower incidence of GAH. However, further research is necessary to evaluate the utility of this reinforced method.

Multimodal imaging analysis of the cyst like lesion of condyle in temporomandibular joint / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the imaging features of condylar cystic degeneration of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by cone-beam CT (CBCT), spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020, thirty-two patients with cyst-like lesions of condylein temporomandibular joint were examined by CBCT, spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in General Hospital of Chinese PLA. There were 12 males and 20 females involved, aged from 16 to 65 years with an average age of (33.9±12.5) years. The characteristics of CBCT, spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging were analyzed. Condylar cyst like lesions were classified as type A and type B based on the presence or absence of surface bone defects. Condylar cyst like lesions were classified as type Ⅰ(yes) and type Ⅱ(no) according to the accompanying bone marrow edema-like lesions of the condyles. The incidence of condylar bone marrow edema, disc displacement and abnormal bone metabolism were analyzed. Results: A total of 64 joint images of 32 patients were included, including 34 sides with TMJ cyst-like lesion and 6 sides with multiple cyst-like lesions,the total cyst-like lesions were 42. The largest diameter of cyst-like lesion ranged from 1.0 to 12.4 mm, with an average length of (3.7±1.8) mm. There were 24 cases of type A TMJ cyst like lesion and 10 cases of type B cyst-like lesion. The detection rate of CBCT was 95.2% (40/42) and that of spiral CT was 100% (42/42), there was no significant difference (Calibration Chi-square=0.51, P=0.474). The detection rate of nuclear magnetic resonance was 80.1% (34/42), and the detection rate of cyst-like lesions less than 2 mm was 3/11. In the cyst like lesion side, there were 9 sides with anterior disc displacement with reduction, 20 sides with anterior disc displacement without reduction. In the non-cyst like lesion side, 10 sides with anterior disc displacement with reduction and 6 sides with anterior disc displacement without reduction. There was a significant difference in the displacement of the disc between cyst-like and non-cystic lesion side (χ²=7.80, P=0.005). MRI showed that 6 cases of cystic side[17.6% (6/34)] had bone marrow edema-like lesions (all type A), 1 case of non-cyst like lesions side [3.3% (1/30)]had bone marrow edema-like lesion, there was no significant difference between cystic and non-cystic lesions (Calibration Chi-square=2.04, P=0.153). There was a significant difference between type A and B cystic lesions (Fisher exact probability method, P= 0.024). Radionuclide bone imaging showed abnormal bone metabolism in 26 patients in the cyst-like lesion side and 5 patients in the non-cyst like lesion side (χ²=22.82, P<0.001). Conclusions Multi-slice Spiral CT could detect the cyst-like lesion of TMJ condyle in the early stage, which is different from the large joint. And the formation mechanism may vary from the different classifications.

Research progress of dental pulp stem cells for peripheral nerve injury repair / 中华口腔医学杂志

Peripheral nerve injuries are mainly related to severe trauma, fracture and tumor surgery, leading to reduced quality of life and impaired physical and mental health. The repair of peripheral nerve still faces great challenges in clinic, and the research on the regeneration and repair of peripheral nerve has become a hot issue in related disciplines. Cell therapy plays an irreplaceable role in tissue regeneration and repair. Schwann cells are ideal cells for peripheral nerve repair, but their limited sources inhibit the clinical application. Dental pulp stem cells are derived from neural crest, which provides a new cell source for nerve regeneration. The purpose of this article is to review the research progress of dental pulp stem cells for peripheral nerve repair.

Multimodal imaging analysis of the cyst like lesion of condyle in temporomandibular joint / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the imaging features of condylar cystic degeneration of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by cone-beam CT (CBCT), spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2020, thirty-two patients with cyst-like lesions of condylein temporomandibular joint were examined by CBCT, spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in General Hospital of Chinese PLA. There were 12 males and 20 females involved, aged from 16 to 65 years with an average age of (33.9±12.5) years. The characteristics of CBCT, spiral CT, MRI and radionuclide bone imaging were analyzed. Condylar cyst like lesions were classified as type A and type B based on the presence or absence of surface bone defects. Condylar cyst like lesions were classified as type Ⅰ(yes) and type Ⅱ(no) according to the accompanying bone marrow edema-like lesions of the condyles. The incidence of condylar bone marrow edema, disc displacement and abnormal bone metabolism were analyzed. Results: A total of 64 joint images of 32 patients were included, including 34 sides with TMJ cyst-like lesion and 6 sides with multiple cyst-like lesions,the total cyst-like lesions were 42. The largest diameter of cyst-like lesion ranged from 1.0 to 12.4 mm, with an average length of (3.7± 1.8) mm. There were 24 cases of type A TMJ cyst like lesion and 10 cases of type B cyst-like lesion. The detection rate of CBCT was 95.2% (40/42) and that of spiral CT was 100% (42/42), there was no significant difference (Calibration Chi-square=0.51, P=0.474). The detection rate of nuclear magnetic resonance was 80.1% (34/42), and the detection rate of cyst-like lesions less than 2 mm was 3/11. In the cyst like lesion side, there were 9 sides with anterior disc displacement with reduction, 20 sides with anterior disc displacement without reduction. In the non-cyst like lesion side, 10 sides with anterior disc displacement with reduction and 6 sides with anterior disc displacement without reduction. There was a significant difference in the displacement of the disc between cyst-like and non-cystic lesion side (χ²=7.80, P=0.005). MRI showed that 6 cases of cystic side[17.6% (6/34)] had bone marrow edema-like lesions (all type A), 1 case of non-cyst like lesions side [3.3% (1/30)] had bone marrow edema-like lesion, there was no significant difference between cystic and non-cystic lesions (Calibration Chi-square=2.04, P=0.153). There was a significant difference between type A and B cystic lesions (Fisher exact probability method, P=0.024). Radionuclide bone imaging showed abnormal bone metabolism in 26 patients in the cyst-like lesion side and 5 patients in the non-cyst like lesion side (χ²=22.82, P<0.001). Conclusions Multi-slice Spiral CT could detect the cyst-like lesion of TMJ condyle in the early stage, which is different from the large joint. And the formation mechanism may vary from the different classifications.

Pediatric SMARCB1/INI1-deficient poorly differentiated chordoma of the skull base: report of five cases and review of literature / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and differential diagnosis of pediatric SMARCB1/INI1-deficient poorly differentiated chordoma (PDC) of the skull base. Methods: Five cases of SMARCB1/INI1-deficient PDC were identified in 139 cases of chordoma diagnosed in Sanbo Brain Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China from March 2017 to March 2021. The clinical and imaging data of the 5 PDCs were collected. H&E and immunohistochemical staining, and DNA methylation array were used, and the relevant literatures were reviewed. Results: All 5 PDCs were located at the clivus. The average age of the patients was 6.4 years, ranging from 3 to 16 years. Three patients were female and two were male. Morphologically, in contrast with classical chordomas, they presented as epithelioid or spindle tumor cells organized in sheets or nests, with necrosis, active mitoses, and infiltration into surrounding tissue. All cases showed positivity of CKpan, EMA, vimentin and brachyury (nuclear stain), and loss of nuclear SMARCB1/INI1 expression. S-100 protein expression was not frequent (2/5). Ki-67 proliferative index was high (20%-50%). All cases had over-expressed p53. It was necessary to differentiate SMARCB1/INI1-dificient PDC from SMARCB1/INI1-dificient tumors occurring at skull base of children or the tumors with epithelial and spindle cell morphological features. The 3 PDCs with DNA methylation testing showed the methylation profiles different from the pediatric atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors. They formed an independent methylation profile cluster. The clinical prognosis of the 5 patients was poor, and the overall survival time was 2-17 months. Conclusions: PDC is a special subtype of chordoma, which often affects children and occurs in the clivus. The PDC shares epithelioid or spindle cell morphologic features which are different from the classic chordoma. Besides the typical immunohistochemical profile of chordoma, PDC also has loss of nuclear SMARCB1/INI1 expression and distinct epigenetic characteristics.

Effects of apatinib combined with chemotherapy on tumor markers, angiogenesis and bone marrow suppression in patients with stage Ⅲ B-Ⅳ colorectal cancer / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To explore the effects of apatinib combined with chemotherapy on tumor markers, angiogenesis and bone marrow suppression in patients with stage Ⅲ B-Ⅳ colorectal cancer. Methods:A total of 60 patients with stage Ⅲ B-Ⅳ colorectal cancer who were treated in Yizheng People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province from March 2018 to May 2019 were selected, they were divided into the observation group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases) according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional intravenous chemotherapy, while the observation group was treated with apatinib on the basis treatment of the control group. The remission rate and incidence of bone marrow suppression were compared between the two groups, and the expressions of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density (MVD) before and after treatment were also compared. Results:The remission rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [86.7% (26/30) vs. 63.3% (19/30)], and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.356, P = 0.037). After treatment, the levels of CEA, CA199 and CA242 in the observation group [(3.1±0.8) ng/ml, (112±17) U/ml and (27±6) U/ml] were significantly lower than those in the control group [(6.6±1.1) ng/ml, (169±22) U/ml and (39±7) U/ml], and the differences were statistically significant (t values were -14.209, -11.102 and -7.384, all P < 0.01). After treatment, the levels of VEGF and MVD in the observation group [(41±5) ng/ml and 18±3] were significantly lower than those in the control group [(80±7) ng/ml and 33±5], and the differences were statistically significant (t values were -23.161 and -13.529, both P < 0.01). The incidence of bone marrow suppression was 10.0% (3/30) in the observation group and 6.7% (2/30) in the control group, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups ( P = 1.000). Conclusion:Apatinib combined with chemotherapy for treatment of patients with stage Ⅲ B-Ⅳ colorectal cancer can further improve the short-term efficacy, reduce the level of tumor markers, inhibit angiogenesis, and do not increase the incidence of bone marrow suppression.

Animal experimental study on the examination of upper digestive tract with medical disposable portable endoscopy / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To evaluate the safety, feasibility and operational performance of self-developed medical disposable portable endoscopy (YunSendo) for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy examination in Ba-Ma mini-pigs.Methods:A total of 10 Guangxi Ba-Ma mini-pigs were used in the experiment, and mucosal injury models were established in advance by biopsy forceps in esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. Each experimental animal underwent medical disposable portable endoscopy and Olympus endoscopy (GIF-Q260J) performed by two endoscopists separately. The time when the endoscope reached the duodenum, the number of detected mucosal injuries and endoscopic pictures of different parts with standard image acquisition were recorded. Endoscopic operational performance and endoscopic image quality were evaluated. Different endoscopists recorded experimental results with blind method. The procedures of the two endoscopic examinations were performed by coin-tossing method. The paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the insertion time and total operation time between medical disposable portable endoscopy and Olympus endoscopy ( (171.00±9.96) s vs. (164.00±17.84) s, (285.00±33.94) s vs. (273.40±23.46) s; t=1.289 and 1.281, P=0.230 and 0.232). There were no statistically significant differences in the percentage of time of clear visual field during endoscopy insertion and total operation between medical disposable portable endoscopy and Olympus endoscopy ((91.83±1.85)% vs. (91.52±1.51)%, (93.07±3.10)% vs. (92.06±2.57)%; t=0.401 and 0.689, P=0.698 and 0.508). Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences in the score of comprehensive operation performance, score of clear image number, score of image color recognition, score of image illumination, comprehensive score of image quality and number of detected mucosal injuries ((9.66±0.30) points vs. (9.86±0.15) points, (39.50±0.71) points vs. (39.30±1.06) points, (39.70±0.48) points vs. (39.40±0.70) points, (39.40±0.70) points vs. (39.50±0.71) points, (9.88±0.09) points vs. (9.85±0.20) points, 9.80±0.42 vs. 9.90±0.32; t=2.176, 1.000, 1.152, 0.317, 0.629 and 0.557, all P>0.05). There were no adverse events after operation in medical disposable portable endoscopy group and Olympus endoscopy group. Conclusions:The medical disposable portable endoscopy is safe and feasible for endoscopy examination in live animal models. Different parts of upper gastrointestinal tract and mucosal lesions can be clearly detected. The operational performance and the image quality are excellent, which is similar to Olympus endoscopy (GIF-Q260J).

Progress in research of radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma / 国际外科学杂志

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world,and its incidence is on the rise.Surgical resection is the standard method for the treatment of primary or metastatic HCC.In the past ten years,the local ablation of liver tumor has become more and more mature,and it has been proved to be an effective method for the treatment of malignant liver diseases.Whether used alone or in combination,it can control the growth of the tumor to a certain extent and prolong the survival time.It also improves the quality of life.This article begins with the mechanism of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of liver cancer,and introduces in detail the research progress in the treatment of small liver cancer,large liver cancer,huge liver cancer and metastatic liver cancer by radio frequency ablation and the evaluation of the curative effect after operation.

The imaging manifestations and misdiagnosis analysis of chondroblastoma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the X-ray,CT and MRI features of chondroblastoma (CB)and to improve diagnostic skills of this disease.Methods The X-ray,CT and MRI imaging of 27 cases with CB which were verified by histopathological examination and the misdiagnosed cases were analyzed retrospectively.Results Accurate diagnosis of preoperative images was made in 10 cases and all 10 cases were located in the epiphysis of long bone.X-ray and CT showed eccentric round and oval osteolytic bone destruction,with sclerotic rim and internal spotted calcification;MRI showed hypointensity on T1 WI and heterogeneous hypo-and hyperintensity on T2 WI,with peripheral regions of marrow edema and adjacent joint effusion.Seventeen cases were misdiagnosed preoperatively,including 8 cases in long bone epiphysis or apophysis,8 cases in short,flat and irregular bones and 1 case in metaphysis of long bone.Twelve cases showed expansive changes and 10 cases with associated aneurysmal bone cyst(ABC)showed fluid-fluid levels.Conclusion The CB shows sandy or stippled calcification,rim sclerosis,extensive surrounding bone marrow edema.CB in unusual sites usually shows expansive bone destruction,peripheral bone marrow edema,secondary aneurysmal bone cyst.Combined utilization of clinic,pathology and imaging features is helpful for the diagnosis.

Research Progresses of Determination of Perfluorinated Compounds in Environmental Water and Solid Samples / 分析化学

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), a group of persistent organic pollutants, have been widely detected in environmental media and posed great threat to human health. The researches on environmental pollution and health concern of PFCs are the hotspot areas. Because PFCs contain lots of homologs and isomers which are detected at trace levels (ng/g or μg/L) in environment, advanced and reliable analytical methods for determination of PFCs in environment are urgently needed. At present, studies on analytical methods of trace PFCs in environmental samples have been widely carried out in China and abroad. However, systematic review on the sample pretreatment, analytical method, and matrix effect of PFCs determination in complex environmental matrixes is relatively scarce. Therefore, this paper reviews the pretreatment methods, martix effects, and detection techniques (especailly isomers) of PFCs in environment samples (water, sediment/sluge, soil and plant). We hope that this review may provide valuable reference for the enviromental researches on PFCs.

Application value of fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter in dogs under different brightness conditions / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of venipuncture using the fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter in dark environment in dog experiments. Methods Six dogs were randomly divided into three groups of two dogs each, and each dog was subjected to 40 times of venipuncture performed on a foreleg with normal intravenous indwelling catheter and fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter, respectively, under high(101 -105 lux), moderate (10.2-100 lux)or low(5 -10 lux)brightness conditions. The success rates and time consumption of those two procedures were analyzed and compared statistically. Results The success rate and time consumption for venipuncture using fluorescent and normal intravenous indwelling catheter under low brightness were 82.5% and(204.36 ± 13.13)s vs. 40.0% and(249.35 ± 17.98)s, those performed under moderate(simulating morning and dawn)brightness were 90.0% and(194.86 ± 8.60)s vs. 67.5% and(206.37 ± 9.70)s, all showed a significantly higher efficiency of the venipuncture using fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter(P < 0.05). Conclusions The use of fluorescent intravenous indwelling catheter has the advantages of higher success rate and shorter time consumption for venipuncture under low and moderate brightness conditions.

Management of medical equipment maintenance / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To explore the management methods of medical equipment maintenance. Methods Based on the staffing of hospital engineering technician, the difference between levels of hospitals in medical equipment maintenance management was explored from the aspects of maintenance, preventive maintenance, use training of medical equipment, medical equipment maintenance management system and etc. Results The management methods of medical equipment maintenance were different corresponding to the configurations of the departments of clinical engineering. Conclusion The maintenance management method corresponding to the staffing of hospital engineering technician as well as the correct use of modern medical equipment contribute to insuring the safety and reliability and enhancing the availability and utilization rate.

Association between the risk of sub-health and health promotion lifestyle: a nested case-control study / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the occurrence of sub-health and health promotion lifestyle in Guangdong province to provide epidemiological evidences for prevention of sub-health.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 1:1 nested case-control study was carried out involving 133 cases from the cohort study paired with 133 control case matched for gender and age.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The univariate conditional logistic regression model showed no significant association of marital status, education level, or body mass index with the occurrence of sub-health, but a significant correlation was found between lifestyle and sub-health with an odd ratio of 5.90 (95% CI: 3.12-11.16, P=0.000). Analysis of the multivariate conditional logistic regression model on the 6 subscales of health promotion lifestyle showed that stress management was significantly correlated with the occurrence of sub-health with an odd ratio of 4.00 (95% CI: 1.54-10.40, P=0.004).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A unhealthy lifestyle, especially in terms of stress management, is the major risk factor contributing to the occurrence of sub-health.</p>

Clinical Observation of Yougui Pills in Treating Kidney-yang Deficiency Syndrome Based on Theory of Generating Yang by Activating Yin / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Yougui Pills and its separate formula for the treatment of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome. Methods A total of 60 patients of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, 30 cases in each group. Treatment group was treated with Yougui Pills, and the control group was given the separate formula from Yougui Pills which had the actions of warming kidney yang. Four weeks constituted one treatment course and the treatment covered 2 courses. The changes of major clinical symptom scores, total effectives rate and associated indexes such as peripheral white blood cells, serum antibodies, and complements were compared between the two groups following the treatment for 8 weeks. Results The total effective rate, and improvement of major clinical symptoms and the peripheral white blood cells in the treatment group were superior to those in the control group ( P0.05) .Conclusion Yougui Pills show better effect than its kidney-yang-warming separate formula for the treatment of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome, indicating that the method of generating yang by activating yin is superior to the method of simply nourishing kidney yang.

The imageology study of patients with the hippocampal sclerosis-associated medial temporal lobe epilep-sy / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To explore the incidence and imageological features of patients with the hippocampal sclerosis-associated medial temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods Seventy-eight patients with the medial temporal lobe epi?lepsy were recruited from our hospital during February 2012 to December 2013. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and resonance spectroscopy (MRS) analysis were conducted in patients with with the hippocampal sclerosis-associated medial temporal lobe epilepsy, patients with epilepsy without the medial temporal lobe diseases and healthy controls. Results The incidence of hippocampal sclerosis was 58.97%among patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy which were significantly higher compared with either healthy control group or patients with epilepsy without the medial tempo?ral lobe diseases. The average hippocampal volume of the medial temporal lobe epilepsy group(2305.68±814.61 mm3、2456.71±743. 60 mm3)was significantly smaller compared with either healthy controls or patients with epilepsy without the medial temporal lobe diseases. MRI revealed increased T2WI signal and hippocampal atrophy in 74.55%of patients with hippocampal sclerosis-associated medial temporal lobe epilepsy. Sclerosis was detected on the left side (52.17%) and bilateral hippocampus (19.57%). MRS showed that NAA/(Cr ± Cho) significantly reduced (0.58± 0.19) in the hip?pocampal sclerosis. Conclusions Hippocampal sclerosis may be the main imaging features of the medial temporal lobe epilepsy which are characterized by the hippocampal atrophy and high T2WI signal.

Transcription factors related to Islet βcell development / 中国比较医学杂志

Insulin is a hormone produced by isletβcells, which plays an important role in regulating cell division, cell differentiation, cell growth and regulating blood glucose levels.Decreased insulin and isletβcell dysfunction are vital fundamental characteristics of diabetes.There are many transcription factors involved in the development and maintaining of isletβcells.This review focuses on the transcription factors aboutβcell development.

Simultaneous Extraction and Determination of Three Quaternary Ammonium Compouds in Soil by Ultrasonic Exaction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / 分析化学

An analytical method was developed for the simultaneous extraction and determination of three quaternary ammonium compouds ( QACs) in soil samples using ultrasonic extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS) . The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the three analytes dodecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride ( DTAC) , cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide ( CTAB) and didodecyldimethyl ammonium chloride ( DDAC) were conducted by application of EI mass spectra and selected ion monioring ( SIM ) . Characteristic ions of the QACs were m/z 58 ( DTAC and CTAB) and m/z 212 ( DDAC) . To achieve optimum extraction efficiency, several impact factors including types of extractants, pH of extraction, concentration of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates ( LAS) , extraction times and content of purification column were investigated. Methanol with pH 3. 5 and 40 μg/L LAS solution were selected as extractant. Soil sample was extracted by treated methanol each 10 mL for 20 min every time. Extract of the soil sample was purified by neutral alumina column with 4 cm in length and 1cm in diameter, and then was determineted by GC-MS. Good linear relationships of all the three QACs were obtained in the range of 0. 02-2. 0 mg/L. The limits of determination (LOD, S/N=3) was 1. 2-4. 5 μg/kg. The method was used to analyse real soil samples ( paddy soil, lateritic red soil, and ore tailings) collected from a mining district in south China. Results of determination exhibited the concerntrations of the three analytes in real soil samples ranged from 0 . 24 mg/kg to 0. 41 mg/kg, and their recoveries ranged from 76% to 113% with relative standard deviations ( RSD) of 1. 1%-12. 9% in three different spiked concentrations of 0. 2, 0. 5 and 1. 0 mg/kg.

Relationship between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and intracranial or extracranial vascular lesions in the elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between vascular lesions and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in the elderly.Methods 74 patients aged 60 years and over with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in Huanhu Hospital and 80 subjects without vertigo history in the medical examination center of the same hospital were randomly divided into the case group and the control group,respectively.The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and plaque in the carotid artery were detected using high-resolution color duplex ultrasound for evaluating large vascular lesions.At the same time,T1WI,T2WI and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) were performed with high-field 3.0 T MRI scanner as the detection index of small vascular lesions to compare the difference in severity of lacunar infarction,leukoaraiosis and micro hemorrhage between the two groups.Both indexes were used together to compare the overall difference in the intracranial and extracranial vascular lesions between the two groups.Results Between the case group and the control group,there were significant differences in the CIMT [(0.96±0.21) mm vs.(0.84±0.26) mm,t=3.136,P＜0.05],the detection rate of plaque (89.2％ vs.72.5％,x2 =5.803,P＜0.05),the number of lacunar infarction [(3.48± 1.67) vs.(2.34± 2.06),t=1.994,P＜0.05] and the score of white matter [(4.77±2.15) vs.(3.95±2.04),t=2.430,P＜0.05].There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate of the cerebral microbleeds in the case group and control group (22.9％ vs.17.5％,x2=0.4264,P＞0.05).Conclusions There is a relationship between the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and intracranial or extracranial vascular lesions in the elderly.Vascular factor may play an important role in the pathogenesis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Not only the atherosclerosis of large and small arteries but also the microcirculation disturbance may be partly attributed to the benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in the elderly.

Changes of glucagon-like peptide-2 expression in serum and ileum after colectomy in rats / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the effect of colectomy on the expression of glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) in serum and ileum and compare the changes of GLP-2 after different colectomy in rats.Methods Eighty male or female rats,aging 3-4 months old,were recruited in this study.The rats weight 180-250 g.The 80 rats were evenly and randomly distributed into 4 groups according to the surgical procedures they underwent:control group,in which the rats were not performed any procedures; sham surgery group,in which the rats underwent laparotomy ;left hemicolectomy group,in which the rats were performed left hemicolectomy;and subtotal colectomy group,in which the rats were performed subtotal colectomy.According to execution time,each group had 4 subgroups,including 0 day group,10 day group,20 day group and 30 day group,and 5 rats were included in each subgroup.The whole blood was collected through cardiac puncture.Serum was collected and GLP-2 in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The GLP-2 in ileum was studied by immunohistochemistry staining.The length of villus of ileum was also measured by HE staining.Results The protein of GLP-2 was found in fibroblasts,epithelium and endocrine cells in ileum.Compared with control group and sham surgery group,the expressions of GLP-2 in serum and ileum increased significantly in the rats that underwent left hemicolectomy after surgery(all P ＜ 0.05),and it was increasing with time.The villus length of the rats underwent left hemicolectomy also increased significantly compared with the control group and sham surgery groups 20 days and 30 days after surgery(all P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of GLP-2 in serun and ileum and villus length of the rats with subtotal colectomy were not significantly different from those of the control group and sham surgery group(all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expressions of GLP-2 in serum and ileum are elevated after left hemicolectomy but not in subtotal colectomy,which may be related to the delayed intestinal adaption after colectomy.